According to tradition,the first American Thanksgiving Day was c

According to tradition,the first American Thanksgiving Day was celebrated in 1621 by the English Pilgrims who had founded the Plymouth Colony,now in the state of Massachusetts.The Pilgrims marked the occasion by feasting with their Native American guests-members of the Wampanoag tribe-who brought gifts of food as a gesture of goodwill.Although this event was an important part of American colonial history,there is no evidence that any of the participants thought of the feast as a thanksgiving celebration.Two years later,during a period of drought,a day of fasting and prayer was changed to one of the thanksgiving because rain came during the prayers.Gradually, the custom prevailed among New Englanders to annually celebrate Thanksgiving after the harvest.
【正确答案】:

若按传统的祈祷仪式来界定,美国第一个感恩节应该出现在1621年。当时,英国朝圣者在现在美国的马萨诸塞州建立了第一个殖民地——普利茅斯殖民地。朝圣者为此摆设盛宴,大举庆贺。当地土著万帕诺亚格族人也带来象征友好的贺礼,共同欢庆。这个事件是美国殖民时期发生的历史性事件,但当时人们并没有意识到它还具有感恩性质。两年后,当地适逢干旱天气。人们纷纷进行斋忌和祷告,祈求甘露。有一天当人们正在祷告时,天果真下起雨来。人们立刻举行庆祝活动,感谢上帝的思赐。以后每年庄称收割后,人们都会举行类似的感恩庆祝活动。渐渐地,感思节庆典活动发展成为了新英格兰人的风俗。

【解析】原文第一句是主从复合句,主句是被动语态。according to the tradition汉译时增译了“祈祷仪式”,也是考虑到感恩节的历史背景而增译。was celebrated in1621译作汉语后变成主动“出现在1621年”,这符合汉语少用被动的语言特点。who引导的定语从句修饰English Pilgrims,汉译时转化为一个单独的句子,“英国朝圣者建立了第一个殖民地”。而now in the state of Massachusetts作Plymouth Colony的补语,汉译时前置作地点状语“在马萨诸塞州”。

原文第二句也是主从复合句,主句主语为Pilgrims,谓语为marked,宾语为the occasion, by引导的短语作方式状语,汉译时将其前置,译作“摆设盛宴,大举欢庆”。members of the Wampanoag tribe在句中作guests的同位语,而who引导的从句又作members的后置定语,汉译时将从句译作单独的句子,gifts of food as a gesture of goodwill汉语译作“象征友好的贺礼”,并将其前置。

原文第三句是主从复合句,although引导让步状语从句,there is no evidence译作“没有意识到”,符合汉语的表达习惯;that 3l导的是同位语从句,as a thanksgiving celebration译作“且有感恩性质”。

原文第四句是主从复合句,because引导原因状语从句,采用意译法。时间状语two years later,during a period of drought译作一个独立句“两年后,当地适逢千早天气”,将状语改为主谓宾结构。a day of fasting and prayer译作“人们纷纷进行斋戒和祈祷”,增译主语“人们”,且将名词fasting和prayer改为动词。was changed to one of thanksgiving because..…汉译时将其置于原语后面,符合汉语的先因后果的习惯,且意译为“人们纷纷举行庆祝活动,感谢上帝的恩惠。”

原文最后一句是简单句,译文将表目的的不定式to annually celebrate Thanksgiving after the harvest提前,译作一句话。再说结果“渐渐地,感恩节庆典活动发展成为了新英格兰人的风俗”,符合汉语的表达习惯。